Mitákuye Oyás'iŋ
All my relatives. We are all related.
The final “ŋ” is not pronounced as a full n: it makes the vowel before it nasal.
Word by word
Together: “all my relatives”. Many translate it more freely as “we are all related” or “all my relations”. Some Lakota speakers say that a single English word comes closest: oneness.
Who are “my relatives”?
In the Lakota way of seeing the world, family does not stop at people. The Lakota teacher Albert White Hat explained that everything comes from Iŋyaŋ, the Rock — so the stones, the waters, the trees, the winged ones, the four‑legged ones and the two‑legged ones are all related. When you say Mitákuye Oyás'iŋ, you include all of them.




When it is said
Mitákuye Oyás'iŋ belongs to the Lakota, and is also used by Dakota and Nakota relatives. It is spoken at the beginning and at the end of prayers and ceremonies, and as a blessing that closes rituals and feasts. It works a little like “amen” — and it can also stand alone as a complete prayer.
Lakota oral tradition connects the sacred teachings of respect for Mother Earth, Father Sky and the four directions with White Buffalo Calf Woman. Saying “all my relatives” is a way to carry that respect out of the ceremony and into every part of daily life.
Everything is related. Every step we take touches a relative.


And “Aho”?
“Aho” is not a Lakota word. It is heard at many intertribal gatherings and powwows and is usually traced to the Kiowa language. It expresses thanks and agreement — something like “yes, so be it, thank you”. Placed before the Lakota prayer on our shirts, it reads as a simple gesture of gratitude: thank you — to all my relatives.
Why we dance with these words
In a circle dance, no one stands outside the circle. The drum, the dancers, the ground beneath them and the sky above are part of one movement. Mitákuye Oyás'iŋ says the same thing in two words. Try it at the end of your home dance: stand still, feel your heartbeat, and say it softly — thank you, all my relatives.
Saying it with respect
- It is a prayer, not a slogan. Say it sincerely, never as a joke.
- Remember that it comes from living Lakota, Dakota and Nakota communities.
- Learn from Native voices, and support the teaching of the Lakota language.
Sources
- Mitakuye Oyasin — Wikipedia
- David C. Posthumus, “We Are All Related” — University of Nebraska Press blog (2018)
Illustrations: SKIESWARRIOR artwork.